| If Clauses (Condizionale) |
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Unless - I Type
If it doesn't rain,
we'll go out for
a walk.
- If + Not = Unless
- Unless it rains,
we'll
go out for a walk.
Other Examples
If we don't run,
we will be late.
- Unless
we run, we'll be
late.
If he doesn't wear
his pullover, he'll
feel
cold. - Unless he
wears his pullover,
he'll
feel cold.
Special Structures
0 Conditional
Students get nervous
if they don't have
a
morning break. (general
truth)
Other Tenses
a) If you are thirsty,
drink some of that
orange juice. (I
type = if + present,
imperative)
b) If you have finished
reading, I'll turn
the light off. (I
type = if + present
perfect,
future)
c) If Mary and John
weren't studying,
we
would go to the cinema.
(II type = if + past
continuous, present
conditional - would
+
base form)
d) If it hadn't been
for him, I would
be
poor now. (mixed
type = if + past
perfect,
present conditional)
Modals In The If
Clauses
a) If you carry too
many bags, you will
drop
(might drop) the
eggs.
b) If anyone believed
my story, I would
become
(could become) famous.
c) If I had taken
some money with me,
I would
have taken (could
have taken) a taxi.
Other Expressions
Wish
a) Wish + Past Simple
(strong wish in the
present)
I wish you were here.
b) Wish + Past Perfect
(regret for the past)
I wish I had been
able to help you.
c) Wish + Would (Could)
Base Form (wish for
the future)
I wish you could
pass your exam.
If Only
a) If Only + Past
Simple (strong wish
in
the present)
If only I had more
money.
b) If Only + Past
Perfect (regret for
the
past)
If only you hadn't
told Jackie what
I said.
Would Rather
a) Would Rather +
Past Simple (wish/preference
in the present)
We'd rather she came.
b) Would Rather +
Past Perfect (regret
for
the past)
We'd rather she had
come.
* Attention: I'd
rather go to the
cinema.
We'd rather study.
Suppose
Suppose + Past Simple
(present or future
meaning)
Suppose you did your
homework first.
It's Time
It's Time + Past
Simple (present or
future
meaning)
It's time he knew
the truth.
By Prof. Alessandra Potenza, © 2005, per
ClaNCla Library. |
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